Ethics are central to Jewish belief and practices, and it can easily take a lifetime or more to really comprehensively learn and understand all of Judaism. Thus a thorough and complete answer to your question is impractical here. However, I can attempt to at least cover some of the core, basic elements and point you to places to learn more…

Empathy and hospitality are pretty core cornerstones of Jewish ethics. There is a famous story concerning Rabbi Hillel being challenged to explain the entirety of the Torah while standing on one foot. In the story, Rabbi Hillel famously accepted the challenge and summarized it as follows: “’you shall love your neighbor as yourself’’ (quoting the verse from Leviticus), “the rest is commentary”. This is really the essential basis for Jewish ethics: empathy for other people. In a similar theme, there are other great gems in the Torah like, “be kind to the stranger in your midst for you were once a stranger in a strange land”, and in the Torah, the Jewish ancestor Abraham and his wife Sarah are set up as a positive example of hospitality (e.g. in the biblical story, the rabbis emphasize and praise Abraham for literally running to do God’s bidding and tend to his guests).

Tzedakah, translated as “charity” (though it is derived from the same word as “righteousness”), is also a pretty important aspect of Jewish ethics. In the Torah, for example, there is a law that one must leave the corners of one’s field for the poor (and, by extension, that one must give a certain amount to tzedakah even if one is not living an agrarian lifestyle where fields are involved). Hesed, generosity/kindness is also a core tenet / aspect of Jewish ethics, as are gemilut hasadim, “acts of loving-kindness”.

There are many elements of Jewish ethics that can be found in Pirkei Avot (lit. “Sayings of Our Fathers”, though perhaps better translated as “Sayings of Our Ancestors”). For example, Pirkei Avot includes such wisdom as “If I am not for myself, who will be for me? But if I am only for myself, what am I? And if not now, when?” as well as “Shimon the Righteous used to say that the world stands on three things: 1.) [the study of] Torah 2.) worship 3.) acts of loving-kindness”. Many core elements of Jewish ethics can also be found in Baba Metzia which talks at length about the obligation in Judaism to return lost items to their rightful owners; that is, unless there is absolutely no way to identify the owner, in Judaism if one finds lost property one must find its owner and return it.

I hope that gives you at least some basic information. To learn more, I suggest:

• The Classic Tales: Jewish folklore that is often read to children that incorporates a number of fables and ethical values.
• Jewish Literacy, the Book of Jewish Values, and A Code of Jewish Ethics by Rabbi Telushkin (he has several very well written books on Judaism and Jewish topics)
• The Oxford Handbook of Jewish Ethics and Morality, To Do the Right and The Good, and Love Your Neighbor And Yourself by Rabbi Elliot Dorf (who, by the way, was a good friend of my grandfather Rabbi David Lieber)

On top of the above, you may want to talk to a few rabbis or take a course.