Bone cement plays a crucial role in spinal surgeries, primarily for stabilizing weakened vertebrae and enhancing the fixation of implants. It is commonly used in procedures such as vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty, and spinal fusion augmentation. The primary purpose of bone cement in back surgery is to provide structural support, relieve pain, and restore spinal stability.

Key Uses of Bone Cement in Back Surgery

1. Vertebroplasty – In this procedure, bone cement is injected directly into fractured vertebrae, usually caused by osteoporosis or trauma. Once the cement hardens, it stabilizes the vertebra and reduces pain.
2. Kyphoplasty – This is similar to vertebroplasty but involves inflating a small balloon inside the vertebra before injecting the cement. The balloon creates space, helping to restore lost vertebral height before stabilization.
3. Spinal Fusion Support – In certain spinal fusion surgeries, cement is used alongside screws and rods to enhance the strength of the fixation, particularly in patients with osteoporotic or weak bones.
4. Tumor-Related Spine Procedures – Patients with spinal tumors or metastatic cancer often develop fragile vertebrae. Bone cement strengthens the affected areas and helps reduce pain.
5. Pedicle Screw Augmentation – In some cases, bone cement is injected around pedicle screws to improve their grip, especially in patients with low bone density. This prevents implant loosening and increases surgical success rates.

Advantages of Bone Cement in Spine Surgery

• Immediate Stability – Cement hardens quickly, providing instant support to fractured or weakened bones.
• Pain Relief – Reduces micromovements in fractured vertebrae, significantly lowering pain levels.
• Minimally Invasive – Procedures like vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty require only small incisions, leading to faster recovery.
• Restores Spinal Alignment – In kyphoplasty, the balloon expansion helps correct spinal deformities before the cement is injected.
• Improved Implant Fixation – When used with screws, it strengthens their hold in osteoporotic bones, reducing the risk of implant failure.

Bone cement, typically made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), has been widely used in spinal surgeries for decades due to its reliability and effectiveness. It continues to be an essential tool for orthopedic and spinal surgeons in treating fractures, degenerative conditions, and spinal instability.

If you still have any queries related to bone cement for orthopedic purposes, share those queries in the comment box below.