React Native primarily uses two programming languages:

1. JavaScript: React Native applications are written in JavaScript, a popular high-level, versatile programming language. JavaScript is used for writing the logic, handling user interactions, and managing the application state in React Native.
2. JSX (JavaScript XML): JSX is a syntax extension for JavaScript that looks similar to XML or HTML. It allows developers to write UI components in a declarative way, making it easier to visualize the structure of the user interface. JSX is a fundamental part of React Native and React web development.

By using JavaScript and JSX, developers can create cross-platform mobile applications for iOS and Android platforms using React Native.