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Overview :

May present clinically as a gastro enteritis, enteric fever, bacteremic syndrome or focal disease.

Etiology :

1. Causing agent - Family Enterobacteria

Epidemiology :

1. Source of infection - Animals(Cows, Pigs,pets), Water swimming birds(Turkey, ducks) and infected humans
2. Mechanism of transmission - Fecal-Oral
3. Food - Eggs, meat of beef and pork, dairy products like milk and curd

Clinical Features :

1. Incubation period : 6 hours - few days
2. Temperature : 38–39° C
3. Weakness & slight chill
4. Headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
5. Stool - Loose, moderate without blood, swamp like
6. Damage of cardio-vascular system, water-electrolyte loss and change of reological properties of blood

Diagnosis :

1. Bacteriological Investigation : Vomiting masses, Water after irrigation of stomach, stool, blood, urine
2. Serological : Reaction of Agglutination(RA), Indirect Hemagglutination (RIHA)

Treatment :

1. Antibiotics - Ampicillin, levomycetin, monomycin, cefazolin, cefotaxim
2. For Rehydration - Quartasault, lactasault (80–120 ml/min) infused through vein
3. For Hypotension - Prednisilone and hydrocortizone infused in vein
4. Deintoxicatoin - 5% solution of glucose