As mentioned by Stephen Coles, the new logo is in a custom font. However, that font is a slight variation of Futura, which was designed by Paul Renner in 1927.

Here's how Product Sans differs from Futura (Futura is in the lighter color).

The biggest departure is the slanted crossbar on the "e," which is a feature of many Humanist typefaces. It originates from scribed, hand-drawn letters, and gives the typeface a more "friendly" feel.

(These observations originate in my Analysis of Google’s New Logo Design)