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Logics have two main components: syntax and semantics. The rules of syntax answer the question: is a given string of characters a well-formed formula or a sentence of the logic? The rules of semantics answer the question: under what conditions is a given well-formed formula of the logic to be considered true?

All logics that have sentences (that is, expressions that can be true or false), can be given semantics (that is, truth-conditions for these sentences). There may be, however, logics that do have sentences, but nevertheless do not have semantics (due to one not being found yet or for some other reason).

So we cannot generally conclude that rules of logic include rules of truth. Among the things that we can conclude I'll mention this one: for logics that do have sentences, rules of truth can be given.

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